[Shumin Zhai's home page: Research Highlights Bio-sketch Press Lectures/Talks Contact Info]
2009
Zhai, S., Kristensson, P.O., Gong, P., Greiner, M., Peng, S., Liu, L. Dunnigan, A., Shapewriter on the iPhone: from the laboratory to the real world. ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems Extended Abstracts. pp. 2667-2670.
Lee, S., Zhai, S., The performance of touch screen soft buttons. Proc. of ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. pp. 309-318.
Appert, C., Zhai, S., Using strokes as command shortcuts: cognitive benefits and toolkit support. Proc. ACM CHI 2009 Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. pp. 2289-2298.
Yin, J., Ren, X. Zhai, S., Pen pressure control in trajectory-based interaction, Behaviour & Information Technology, 1362-3001, 14 May 2009. DOI: 10.1080/01449290902904733
Yin, M., Pierce, J., Zhai, S., Phone n’ Computer: teaming up an information appliance with a PC, Personal and Ubiquitous Computing, 1617-4909 (Print) 1617-4917 (Online), October 06, 2009. DOI 10.1007/s00779-009-0251-6
Qvarfordt, P., Shumin Zhai, S., Gaze-aided human-computer and human-human dialogue, Handbook of Research on Socio-Technical Design and Social Networking Systems, eds. Whitworth B., and de Moor, A. Information Science Reference, pp. 529-543, March 2, 2009
2008
Zhai, S., On the ease and efficiency of human-computer interfaces. Proc ACM ETRA 2008: ACM Eye Tracking Research & Applications Symposium, pp 9-10 (keynote address abstract, slides)
Zhai, S. Kristensson, P.O, Interlaced QWERTY: accommodating ease of visual search and input flexibility in shape writing. Proc of CHI 2008: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp 593-596.
Per Ola Kristensson, Shumin Zhai: Improving word-recognizers using an interactive lexicon with active and passive words. Proc ACM Intelligent User Interfaces 2008, pp 353-356
2007
Kristensson, P.O,. Zhai, S. Command Strokes with and without Preview: Using Pen Gestures on Keyboard for Command Selection, Proc. CHI 2007: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 28 April - 3 May, 2007, San Jose, California.
Cao. X, Zhai, S. Modeling Human Performance of Pen Stroke Gestures, Proc. CHI 2007: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 28 April - 3 May, 2007, San Jose, California.
Cockburn, A. Kristensson, P.O., Alexander, J. Zhai, S Hard Lessons: Effort-Inducing Interfaces Benefit Spatial Learning, Proc. CHI 2007: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 28 April - 3 May, 2007, San Jose, California.
Kristensson, P.O., Zhai, S. Learning Shape Writing by Game Playing (Interactivity Paper), CHI 2007: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 28 April - 3 May, 2007, San Jose, California.
Moran, T. P., Zhai, S. Beyond the Desktop Metaphor in Seven Dimensions, closing chapter in V. Kaptelinin and M. Czerwinski (Eds), Designing Integrated Digital Work Environments: Beyond the Desktop Metaphor.
2006
Zhai, S. Kristensson, P.O. Introduction to Shape Writing, IBM Research Report RJ10393 (A0611-006), November1, 2006 (also as a Chapter 7 of by I. S. MacKenzie and K. Tanaka-Ishii (eds), Text Entry Systems: Mobility, Accessibility, Universality, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, pp 139, 158)
Cao, X. Zhai, S. Modeling human performance of pen stroke gestures, IBM Research Report RJ10392 (A0611-003) November 1, 2006. (This report is a super set of Cao & Zhai CHI 2007 with additional content that could not be included within the CHI page limit).
Yin, M, Zhai, S. The Benefits of Augmenting Telephone Voice Menu Navigation with Visual Browsing and Search, Proc. CHI 2006: ACM conference on human factors in computing systems, 319-328
Wang, J, Zhai, S, Canny, J., Camera Phone Based Motion Sensing: Interaction Techniques, Applications and Performance Study, Proc. ACM UIST 2006, 101-110.
Barton , J., Zhai, S., Cousins, S. Phones Will Become The Primary Personal Computing Devices, IEEE 2006 Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, April 2006, Semiahmoo, Washington.
Barton, J., Folowosele, F., Nylander, S., Houston, M, Zhai, S. Connection Time for Strange Devices, IEEE 2006 Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications, April 2006, Semiahmoo, Washington.
2005
Yin, M., Zhai, S. Dial and See ― Tackling the Voice Menu Navigation Problem with Cross-Device User Experience Integration, in Proc. ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST 2005) (TechNote) Seattle, October 23–26, 2005.
Qvarfordt, P., Beymer, D., Zhai, S. RealTourist ― A Study of Augmenting Human-Human and Human-Computer Dialogue with Eye-Gaze Overlay, Proc. IFIP International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction INTERACT 2005, 12-16 September 2005, Rome, Italy: 767-780
Qvarfordt, P., Zhai, S. Conversing with the User Based on Eye-Gaze Patterns. Proc. CHI 2005—ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. April 2-7, 2005, 221-230, ACM Press.
Kristensson, P-O., Zhai, S. Relaxing Stylus Typing Precision by Geometric Pattern Matching. Proc. IUI 2005—ACM Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces, 2005, pp. 151–158, ACM Press.
Zhai, S., Kristensson, P-O, Smith, B.A., In search of effective text interfaces for off the desktop computing, Interacting with Computers, 17(3):229-250, 2005.
2004
Kristensson, P-O., Zhai, S., SHARK2: A Large Vocabulary Shorthand Writing System for Pen-based Computers, Proc. ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST 2004), Oct 24-27, Santa Fe, New Mexico, CHI Letters 6(2), pp. 43–52, ACM Press.
Ingmarsson, M., Dinka, D., Zhai, S., TNT―A numeric keypad based text input method, Proc. CHI 2004: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Vienna, Austria. CHI Letters 6(1), 639-646, ACM Press.
Zhai, S. “Mouse”, in W. S. Bainbridge (ed), Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction, Berkshire Publishing Group, July 2004.
Zhai, S. Characterizing computer input with Fitts’ law parameters ― The information and non-information aspects of pointing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 61(6), 791-809. December 2004.
Zhai, S., Kong, J., Ren, X., Speed-accuracy trade-off in Fitts’ law tasks — On the equivalency of actual and nominal pointing precision. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 61(6), 823-856. December 2004.
Zhai, S., Kristensson, P-O, Smith, B.A., In search of effective text interfaces for off the desktop computing, presented as a “major paper” at the Human Computer Interaction Consortium Winter Workshop, Feb. 4 – 8, 2004.
Zhai, S., Accot, J., Woltjer, R. Human Action Laws in Electronic Virtual Worlds ― An Empirical Study of Path Steering Performance in VR, Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments, Vol.13(2), 113-127.
Lee, P., Zhai, S. (2004). Top-down learning strategies: can they facilitate stylus keyboard learning? International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Vol. 60 (5-6), 585-598.
Guiard,
Y., Beaudouin-Lafon, M., Bastin, J., Pasveer, D., Zhai, S., View
Size and Pointing Difficulty in Multi-Scale Navigation, Proc.
AVI 2004: Advanced
Visual Interfaces, Gallipoli
(Lecce), Italy, May 25-28, 2004. 117-124.
2003
Zhai, S., Kristensson, P-O., Shorthand Writing on Stylus Keyboard, in Proceedings of CHI 2003, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 5-10, 2003. pp 97-104.
Accot, J., Zhai, S., Refining Fitts' law models for bivariate pointing, in Proceedings of CHI 2003, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 5-10, 2003. pp 193-200.
Zhai, S., Conversy, S., Beaudouin-Lafon, M., Guiard, Y., Human On-Line Response to Target Expansion, in Proceedings of CHI 2003, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 5-10, 2003. pp 177-184.
Albinsson, P-A, Zhai, S., High Precision Touch Screen Interaction, in Proceedings of CHI 2003, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, April 5-10, 2003. pp 105-112
Zhai, S, Evaluation is the worst form of HCI research except all other forms that have been tried, essay published at CHI Place, Mar 13, 2003.
Zhai, S. What's in the Eyes for Attentive Input, in Communications of the ACM, March 2003. pp-34-39.
Zhai, S., Woltjer, R., Human Movement Performance in Relation to Path Constraint - The Law of Steering in Locomotion, in Proceedings of IEEE Virtual Reality 2003 , March 2003. pp 149-156.
Sallnas, E-L, Zhai, S. Collaboration meets Fitts’ law: passing virtual objects with and without haptic force feedback, in Proceedings of INTERACT 2003, IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. pp. 97-104.
Ren, X., Tamura, K., Kong, J., Zhai, S. Candidate Display Styles in Japanese Input, in Proceedings of INTERACT 2003, IFIP Conference on Human-Computer Interaction. pp. 868-871.
2002
Zhai, S., Sue, A., Accot, J., Movement Model, Hits Distribution and Learning in Virtual Keyboarding, in Proc. of CHI'2002: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 2002. pp 17-24.
Accot, J., Zhai, S., More than dotting the i's - foundations for crossing-based interfaces, in Proc. of CHI'2002: ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Minneapolis, Minnesota, April 2002. pp 73-80.
Zhai, S. On the validity of Throughput as a Characteristic of Computer Input, IBM Research Report, RJ 10253, IBM Research Division. August 2002.
Zhai, S., Hunter, M., Smith, B.A., Performance Optimization of Virtual Keyboards, Human-Computer Interaction. Vol. 17, No2&3. 2002. pp 229-269.
2001
Wang, J. Zhai, S., Su, H., Chinese Input with Keyboard and Eye Tracking - An Anatomical Study, in Proc. of CHI 2001, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle, Washington, 31 March-5 April 2001, p349-356.
Accot, J. Zhai, S., Scale effects in steering law tasks, in Proc. of CHI 2001, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle, Washington, 31 March-5 April 2001. p1-8.
Zhai, S., Smith. B. A. Alphabetically Biased Virtual Keyboards Are Easier to Use - Layout Does Matter, in Extended Abstracts of CHI 2001, ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, Seattle, Washington, 31 March-5 April 2001 (Short Talk), p321-322.
Smith, B.A., Zhai, S. Optimised Virtual Keyboards with and without Alphabetical Ordering - A Novice User Study, in Proc. of INTERACT 2001: Eight IFIP Conference On Human-Computer Interaction, Tokyo, Japan, July 9-13, 2001. p92-99.
Fels, D.I, Waalen, J.K, Zhai, S. Weiss, P.L., Telepresence under exceptional circumstances: enriching the connection to school for sick children, in Proc. of INTERACT 2001: Eight IFIP Conference On Human-Computer Interaction, Tokyo, Japan, July 9-13, 2001.p617-624.
Matlock, T., Campbell, C.S, Maglio, P.P., Zhai, S., Smith, Z., Designing feedback for an attentive office, in Proc. of INTERACT 2001: Eight IFIP Conference On Human-Computer Interaction, Tokyo, Japan, July 9-13, 2001. (short paper) p721-722.
2000
Zhai, S., Hunter, M., Smith, B.A., The Metropolis Keyboard -- An Exploration of Quantitative Techniques for Virtual Keyboard Design, in the Proceeding of the 13th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST 2000), November 5-8, 2000, San Diego, California. pp 119-128.
Zhai, S., Hunter, M., Smith, B.A., Designing Virtual Keyboards for Pervasive Computing Device, in proceedings of IBM Pervasive Computing Conference (PvCC), Yorktown Heights, New York, Sept 17 - 19, 2000. Also presented at IBM Personal System Institute (PSI) Symposium, Raleigh, North Carolina, Oct 17 and 18, 2000.
Smith, B.A., J. Ho, W. Ark, S. Zhai, Hand Eye Coordination Patterns in Target Selection, in Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications, November 6th-8th 2000, Palm Beach Gardens, FL, USA.
Maglio, P., Matlock, T,. Campbell, C., Zhai, S., Smith, B.A, Gaze and Speech in Attentive User Interface, in T. Tan, Y. Shi and W Gao (eds) Lecture Notes in Computer Science Vol. 1948 (Proceedings of The third International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces ICMI), Oct 14-16, 2000, Beijing, China. Springer. pp 1-7.
Hunter, M., Zhai, S., Smith, B.A., Physics-based Graphical Keyboard Design, CHI'2000. April 1-6, 2000, The Hague, The Netherlands. 157-158.
1999
Zhai, S. Morimoto, C., Ihde, S. Manual And Gaze Input Cascaded (MAGIC) Pointing, Proc. CHI'99. 246-253, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15-20 May 1999. Slides in PDF
Accot, J. Zhai, S. Performance Evaluation of Input Devices in Trajectory-based Tasks: An Application of Steering Law, Proc. CHI'99. 466-472, Pittsburgh, PA, USA, 15-20 May 1999. Slides in PDF
Zhai, S., Smith., B.A., Multi-Stream Input: An Experimental Study of Document Scrolling Methods, IBM Systems Journal, Vol 38, No.4, p 642-651.
Zhai, S., Kandogan, E., Smith, B., Selker, T. In Search of the "Magic Carpet", Design and Experimentation of a 3D Navigation Interface. Journal of Visual Languages and Computing. Vol 10, No.1, 3-17, February 1999.
Campbell, C., Zhai, S., May, K., Maglio, P. What You Feel Must Be What You See: Adding Tactile Feedback to the Trackpoint, in M. Angela Sasse & Chris Johnson (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction, Proceedings of INTERACT’99: 7th IFIP conference on Human Computer Interaction, Edinburgh, UK, Aug 30 – Sept 3, 1999. Slides in PDF
Maglio, P., Zhai, S., Campbell, C. S., May, K. W. Smith, B. (1999). Adding tactile feedback to the Trackpoint: A demonstration of Tractile, in S. Brewster, A. Cawsey, & G. Cockton (Eds.), Human-Computer Interaction -- Proceedings of INTERACT’99, (Vol II), 7th IFIP conference on Human Computer Interaction, IOS Press, pp 93-94.
Morimoto, C. Koons, D. Amir, A., Flickner, M., Zhai, S., Keeping an Eye for HCI, in Proc. SIBGRAPI 1999, XII Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, 171-176.
1998
Zhai, S., Milgram, P., Quantifying Coordination and Its Application to Evaluating 6 DOF Input Devices, Proc. of CHI'98, p320-327. Slides in PDF
Leganchuk, A., Zhai, S., Buxton, W., Manual and Cognitive Benefits of Two-handed Input: An Experimental Study, ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, Vol 5, No. 4, December 1998, 326-359.
Zhai, S. User Performance in Relation to 3D Input Device Design, Computer Graphics 32(4), November 1998. pp 50-54.
Zhai, S., MacKenzie, I.S., Teaching old mice new tricks: Innovations in Computer Mouse Design, Proc. of Ergon-Axia'98 - the First World Congress on Ergonomics for Global Quality and Productivity, p 80-83, Hong Kong, July 8 -11, 1998.
Ark, W, Dryer, D.C, Selker, T., Zhai. S., Representation matters: the effect of 3D objects and a spatial metaphor in a graphical user interface, in H. Johnson, N. Lawrence, C. Roast (Eds), People and Computers XIII, Proc of HCI'98, Springer. pp 209 -219.
Ark, W, Dryer, D.C, Selker, T., Zhai. S., Landmarks to Aid Navigation in a Graphical User Interface, In Proc. of Workshop on Personalized and Social Navigation in Information Space, Stockholm, Sweden, March 6-7, 1998. Slides in PDF
1997
Accot, J., Zhai, S. Beyond Fitts' Law: Models for Trajectory-Based HCI Tasks, Proceedings of CHI'97, p295-302. Slides in PDF
Zhai, S., Senders, J.W., Investigating Coordination in Multidegree of Freedom Control I: Time-on-Target analysis of 6 DOF Tracking, Proc. of 41st Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Sept 22-26, 1997. 1249-1253. Slides in PDF
Zhai, S., Senders, J.W., Investigating Coordination in Multidegree of Freedom Control II: Correlation analysis of 6 DOF Tracking, Proc. of 41st Annual Meeting of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Sept 22-26, 1997. 1254-1258. Slides in PDF
Zhai, S., Smith, B.A., Selker, T., Improving Browsing Performance: A Study of Four Input Devices for Scrolling and Pointing Tasks, Proceedings of INTERACT: the sixth IFIP conference on Human Computer Interaction. 286-292
Zhai, S., Wright, J. Selker, T., Kelin S., Graphical Means of Directing Users’ Attention in the Visual Interface, Proceedings of INTERACT: the sixth IFIP conference on Human Computer Interaction.59-66
Zhai, S., Milgram, P., Rastogi, A., Anisotropic Human Performance in Six Degree-of-Freedom Tracking: A Evaluation of 3D Display and Control Interfaces, IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans.Vol.27, No.4, pp 518-528, July 1997.
Spatial Interface Can Facilitate Target Acquisition, Presentation at the 6th WWW Conference Developers day.
Wright, J., Zhai, S., Selker, T., Kelin S., Visual Attention Techniques in the Graphical User Interface, Proceedings of 1997 SPIE/IS&T Conference on Human Vision and Electronic Imaging.
Salem, C., Zhai, S., An Isometric Tongue Pointing Device, Proceedings of CHI'97, p538-539. Slides in PDF
Zhai, S., Smith, B.A., Selker, T., Dual Stream Input for Pointing and Scrolling, CHI'97 Extended Abstracts (Late-Breaking/Short Talk), p305-306. Slides in PDF
1996
The Partial Occlusion Effect: Utilizing Semi-transparency in 3D Human Computer Interaction , ACM Transactions on Computer Human Interaction , Vol. 3, No.3, September 1996, p254-284.
The Influence of Muscle Groups on Performance of Multiple Degree-of-Freedom Input , Proc. CHI'96. p. 308-315.Slides in PDF
1995
Ph.D. Thesis: Human Performance in Six Degree of Freedom Input Control , University of Toronto, 1995.
Merging Real and Virtual Worlds , IMAGINA'95.
1994
1993
From Icons to Interface Models: Designing Hypermedia from the Bottom Up , International Journal of Man-machine Studies, Vol.39 (1993)453-472.
Human Performance Evaluation of Isometric and Elastic Rate Controllers in a 6 DOF Tracking Task , SPIE Telemanipulation'93.
Human Performance Evaluation of Manipulation Schemes in Virtual Environment ,VRAIS'93.
Virtual reality for palm-top computers , ACM TOIS Vol.11 (1993)
Applications of Augmented Reality for Human-Robot Communication , IROS'93.
An Evaluation of Four 6 Degree-of-Freedom Input Techniques , InterCHI'93.
ARGOS: A Display System for Augmenting Reality , InterCHI'93.
1992
1991
A Telerobotic Virtual Control System , SPIE '91 Space Robotics.
An Information Structural Model of Vehicle Navigation and Implications , IEEE VNIS'91
1990
1982 –1990: 5 publications in Chinese academic journals